Increased allergic reactions may be tied to the corticotropin-releasing stress hormone (CRH), suggests a new study.
The hormone is the main element that drives the body’s response to stress. It is also present in diseases that cause inflammation.
The study, published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, suggests that the findings may help clarify the mechanism by which CRH induces proliferation of mast cells (MC) — agents involved in the development of allergies in the human nasal cavity.
“In my daily practice, I meet many patients with allergies who say their symptoms worsened due to psychological stress,” said lead researcher Mika Yamanaka-Takaichi from the Osaka City University in Japan.
The team hypothesized that due to its role in inducing MC degranulation in human skin, “CRH may also be involved in stress-aggravated nasal allergies,” the researchers said.
When the team added CRH to a nasal polyp organ culture, they saw a significant increase in the number of mast cells, a stimulation both of MC degranulation and proliferation, and an increase of stem cell factor (SCF) expression, a growth factor of mast cells, in human nasal mucosa- the skin of the nasal cavity.
In exploring possible therapeutic angles, “we saw the effect of CRH on mast cells blocked by CRHR1 gene knockdown, CRHR1 inhibitors, or an addition of SCF neutralizing antibodies,” said Yamanaka-Takaichi.
In vivo, the team found an increase in the number of mast cells and degranulation in the nasal mucosa of mouse models of restraint stress, which was inhibited by the administration of CRHR1 inhibitor, antalarmin.
“In addition to understanding the effects stress has on our allergies, we have also found promising therapeutic potential in candidates like antalarmin,” Yamanaka-Takaichi noted.
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