New Delhi: Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman Sunday makes history as she presents a record ninth consecutive Budget that is expected to unveil measures to sustain growth momentum, maintain fiscal discipline, and contain reforms that could buffer the economy from global trade frictions, including US tariffs.
This will take Sitharaman closer to the record of 10 budgets that were presented by former Prime Minister Morarji Desai over different time periods. Desai presented six budgets during his tenure as finance minister from 1959 to 1964, and four budgets between 1967 and 1969.
Former finance ministers P Chidambaram and Pranab Mukherjee had presented nine and eight budgets, respectively, under different prime ministers.
Sitharaman, however, will continue to hold the record of presenting the maximum number of budgets on the trot — nine straight budgets under Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
She was in 2019 appointed as India’s first full-time woman finance minister when Prime Minister Narendra Modi won a decisive second term. After Modi came back to power in 2024 for the third time, Sitharaman continued to retain her finance portfolio.
Sitharaman took charge of the Finance Ministry May 31, 2019, and has steered the economy through the Covid-19 pandemic and geopolitical turmoil, making India the fastest-growing major economy in the world.
Sitharaman completed six years and eight months in office January 31, 2026. On February 1, she will present a record ninth budget in a row.
Ahead of the Budget session, Prime Minister Narendra Modi had said Sitharaman presenting the Union Budget for the ninth consecutive time “will be recorded as a matter of pride in India’s parliamentary history”.
Former prime minister Morarji Desai had presented the Union Budget on 10 occasions, while P Chidambaram presented the Budget nine times, but not for consecutive years.
The other longest-serving Finance Minister at a stretch was C D Deshmukh, who took charge of the Ministry June 1, 1950, and remained in office for about six years and two months.
Manmohan Singh, known for pushing economic liberalisation, was Finance Minister for about five years between June 21, 1990, and June 16, 1996.
Later as Prime Minister, Singh held the additional charge of Finance portfolio for a brief period once in 2008 and again in 2012.
The first Finance Minister of Independent India was R K Shanmukham Chetty.
Here are some facts related to the Budget presentation in independent India.
FIRST BUDGET: The first-ever Union Budget of independent India was presented on November 26, 1947, by the nation’s first finance minister R K Shanmukham Chetty.
MAXIMUM NUMBER OF BUDGETS: Former Prime Minister Morarji Desai holds the record for presenting the maximum number of budgets. He has presented a total of 10 budgets during his tenure as finance minister under Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and later under Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri.
He presented his first Budget February 28, 1959, full budgets in the following two years and an interim one in 1962. This was followed by two full budgets. After four years, he presented another interim Budget in 1967, followed by three full budgets in 1967, 1968, and 1969, presenting a total of 10 budgets.
SECOND HIGHEST NUMBER OF BUDGETS: Former finance minister P Chidambaram presented the Budget on nine occasions. He first presented the Budget March 19, 1996, during the United Front government led by Prime Minister H D Deve Gowda. He presented another Budget under the same government the next year and returned to the hot seat when the Congress-led UPA came to power in 2009.
He presented five budgets between 2004 and 2008. After a stint as Union Home Minister, he was back in the finance ministry and presented budgets in 2013 and 2014.
THIRD HIGHEST NUMBER OF BUDGETS: Pranab Mukherjee presented eight budgets during his tenure as finance minister. He presented budgets in 1982, 1983 and 1984 and five straight ones between February 2009 and March 2012 in the Congress-led UPA government.
LONGEST BUDGET SPEECH: Sitharaman holds the record for the longest budget speech when her presentation February 1, 2020, lasted two hours and 40 minutes. At the time, she cut short her speech with two pages still remaining.
SHORTEST BUDGET SPEECH: Hirubhai Mulljibhai Patel’s interim Budget speech in 1977 is so far the shortest at just 800 words.
TIMING: The Budget was traditionally presented on the last day of February at 5 pm. The timing followed a colonial era practice when the announcements could be made in London and India at the same time. India is 4 hours and 30 minutes ahead of British Summer Time, and so presenting the Budget at 5 pm in India ensured that it was happening in the daytime in the United Kingdom.
The timing was changed in 1999 when then finance minister Yashwant Sinha in the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government presented the Budget at 11 am.
Since then budgets are presented at 11 am.
DATE: The Budget presentation date was in 2017 changed to the 1st of February to allow the government to complete the Parliamentary approval process by March-end and allow implementation of the Budget from the start of the fiscal year April 1.
Presenting the Budget February 28 meant that the implementation could not start before May/June after accounting for 2-3 months of the parliamentary approval process.
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