Islamabad: Iran and the US inched closer to a deal to end the Iran war, as Qatari mediators travelled to Tehran Sunday to finalise the agreement, according to two regional officials.
The officials, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because they were not authorised to speak to the media, expressed cautious optimism that the US and Iran were finally approaching an agreement that could halt hostilities that have killed thousands of people and reopen the Strait of Hormuz, whose closure has thrown world markets into disarray.
US President Donald Trump and Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif said Saturday that the deal would be signed Sunday, while Iran’s foreign ministry spokesperson Esmail Baghaei said it could happen in the coming days. Trump said that the Strait of Hormuz would open immediately after the signing.
The deal is expected to be signed electronically, without an in-person ceremony, though it’s unclear when or how the signing will take place.
Nuclear and other issues still to be finalised
The deal does not solve the thorniest issues between the US and Iran, including Iran’s nuclear programme or its frozen assets, but offers a 60-day framework for technical discussions on those issues, according to Pakistani and regional officials familiar with the ongoing negotiations who spoke on the condition of anonymity because they were not authorised to speak publicly.
The officials described Pakistan’s monthslong effort leading the negotiations, struggling to keep both sides from walking out of the room and a total collapse of the negotiations on multiple occasions.
Under the current deal being discussed, US and Israel appear to have fallen short of their original goals of destroying Iran’s missile and nuclear programmes and ending its support for proxies. It is not clear how the deal will address these issues, or if they will be part of the final agreement.
Meanwhile, Trump was expected to discuss demining the Strait of Hormuz during the Group of Seven summit that starts Monday. The waterway is crucial to significant shipments of oil, natural gas and related products like fertiliser, and its effective closure rocked the global economy.
The apparent breakthrough came after Iran exchanged fire with the US and Israel earlier in the week, threatening to rupture the ceasefire and push the Middle East back into full-scale war. A tenuous ceasefire has been in place since April 7.
Iran’s nuclear programme and highly enriched uranium have long been at the centre of tensions with the US and Israel and an international source of concern.
Trump on social media asserted that when all is calm, the US would go in and downblend and destroy the enriched uranium in Iran or in the US.
Iran has 440.9 kilograms of uranium that is enriched up to 60 per cent purity, a short, technical step from weapons-grade levels of 90 per cent, according to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).
Iran has long maintained its nuclear programme is peaceful and has not publicly committed to giving up the enriched uranium, which is believed to be buried under three nuclear sites that were badly damaged by US strikes last year.
Iran wants Lebanon included in the deal
Meanwhile, fighting has continued in Lebanon between Israel, which has pushed its invasion deeper than at any point in over a quarter-century, and the Iranian-backed Hezbollah militant group despite a ceasefire.
Iran has wanted a ceasefire deal to include the fighting in Lebanon. Tehran also has sought the release of billions of dollars in frozen funds.
The deal in its current form is a deep disappointment to Israel’s government, which has been sidelined in negotiations led by Pakistan and others.
Even critics in Trump’s own Republican Party, struggling with an unpopular war ahead of the midterm elections, criticised the deal. Some said it did not improve on the terms of the 2015 Iran nuclear deal that Trump withdrew the US from during his first term and which he still describes as bad.
